Pneumatic motor.



Kim-872,751. f PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907.

W. P. ROTHE. I PNEUMATIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12. 1906.

TSHBETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907.

W. F. ROTHE.

PNEUMATIC MOTOR.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 12.1906.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907,

W. P. ROTHE. PNEUMATIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12. 1906.

7 SHBBTS-SHEET 3 .PATE'NTED DBO. a, 1907.

W. P. ROTHE. PNEUMATIC. MOTOR.

APPLIGATION FILED JUNEIZ. 1906.

7 SHBBTB-SHEET 4.

PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907. I W. F. ROTHB.

PNEUMATIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION TILED JUNE12. 1906.

7 SHEET$ SHEET 5.

wa k 5 matic motors, and

- each WILLIAM F. FOTHE, OF EAST ST. LOUIS, ILLINOIS.

PNEUMATIC MOTOR.

No. craps 1.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 3, 1907'.

Application filed June'iz. 1906. Serial No. 321,290. I

followingis a specification containing a full,.

clear, and exact description., reference being had to the accompanying drawingaforming a part hereof.

My invention relates generally to pneumore particularly to a motor or engine to be operated by compressed air, and to be used for drilling, reammg, and tapping.

The principal objects of my invention are as follows: First: to construct a simple, light, and strong motor, or'engine, to be operated by compressed air and which is provided with a casing that may be readily taken apart, in order that the internal parts of the motor may be inspected, adjusted, and repaired; second: to arrange crank shaft in the motor, and to provide ball bearings for the same, one of which is adjustable, in

order totake up any longitudinal wear or lost motion of said crank shaft; 1 third: to provide a simple and ehicient throttle valve,

- whereby the motor can be stopped, started,

or reversed; and which is conveniently located and easily manipulated; fourth: to

arrange a pair of main inlet valves between pair of engine cylinders, thereby bringing t fluid pressure supply very close to 'theistons, thus reducingthe dead air space or.c earance to a minimum; fifth, to arrange on the interior of the motor a planetary gearing, by means of which the rotary motion of the crank shaft is imparted to the tool socket, which planetary gearing is compact, easily placed-in or removed from position, and may be readily inspected and repaired.

To the above pur oses, my invention consists in certain nove features ofconstruction and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter more fully set forth, ointed out in the claims, and illustrated in t e accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a pneumatic motor'of my improved construction Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section "taken on the line 1-4- of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is ahorizontal section taken on the line States, and resident of --6 of Fig.3; Fig.- 1 is an end elevation of oneolithe.handles. by means of which the motor is mai'lipulated, and showing the fluid pressure inlet tube and exhaustopenings in said handle; Fig. 8 is a horizontal section taken through the center of the pair of journal boxes that is mounted on each crank of the crank shaft; Fig. 9 is a vertical sect-i 011 taken on the line 9-9. of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 isa detail section taken on the line 101O of Fig. Fig. 11 is a detailsection taken on the line 1 l-11 of Fig. 3: Fig. 12 is a detail section taken on the line 1212.of Fig. 3; Fig- 13 is a detail section taken on the line 13-13 of Fig. Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the crank shaft made use of in my improved motor Fig. 15 is a plan view of the section taken on the line 6 crank shaft.

The main portion of the motor casing comprises a vertically disposed cylindrical plate 1, and arranged on the iront side there- 01 and integral therewith is a tubular casing 2, in which the feed screw of the device operates. Formed integral with'the cylindrical plate 1 on each side of the tubular casing 2, and at. right angles to each other is a pair of cylinders 3, theouter ends of which are closed. Formed integral with the lower end of the late 1 and the tubular casing 2 is a cylindricalcasing4, the lower end of which is provided with an integral outwardly projecting flange 5. Detachably secured to the side edges of the plate 1 and to the top by means of screws 6, is a cylindrical plate 7, which, together with the plate 1, forms a cylindrical chamber in which the crank.

shaft of the motor operates.

Integral with the outer face and central portion of this plate 7 is a socket 8, in which a handle 9 is detachably seated. The top of the cylindrical crank chamber is normally closed by a plate 10, in the center of which is arranged a vertically adjustable cap 11, in the under side of which a suitable ball bearing 12 is located. v by means of screws .13 to the flange 5 is a planetary gear casing 14, and formed inthe center thereof in alinement with the tubular casing 2 is a bearing 15. Formed on the interior of the bottom of this casing. 14 1n alinement with the ball bearing 12 is a'be ar ing 16, and arran ed in the top of the casing 4. in alinement with the bearings 12 and 16 is a ball bearing 17.

of a portion of the casing l,v

Detachably secured The crank shaft 18 of. my improved motor .is a pair of is provided on its upper end with a conical shoulder 19, which engages in the ball bearing 12 and said crank shaft is provided with a pair of oppositely arranged cranks 20, which are so spaced as that they travel in horizontal planes directly opposite the two pair of cylinders 3. Arranged between the cranks and formed integral therewith eccentrics 21, which are arranged ofl center relative the crank shaft 18, and one of said eccentrics is slightly in advance of the other. These eccentrics are for the purpose of imparting reciprocatory motion to the valves of the motor. Fixed on the shaft 18, immediately below the lower crank 20, is a bearing-ring 22, which engages upon the ball bearing 17; and formed in the periphery of the shaft 18, adjacent the lower end thereof, is a series of gear teeth 23. The extreme lower end of the shaft 18 is reduced in diameter, as indicated by 24, and is journaled for rotation in the bearing 16.

Arranged for movement in each cylinder 3 is a plston 25, and projecting therefrom into the crank shaft chamber is apiston rod 26: Located upon the center of each crank 20 is a split bearing box 27, and each bearing box is connected in any suitable manner to one of each of the pairs of piston rods 26. The rear face of each bearing box 27 is concentrically curved as designated by 28, and formed integral with the side faces of each bearing box are the trunnions 29. Located upon each of the bearing boxes 27 and rotating on the trunnions thereof is a bifurcated bearing box 30, and connected PP site rod of each pair of piston rods 26. These bearing boxes 30 are of such width as that they occupy the entire spaces between the crank arms of each pair of cranks, and the faces 28 of the bearing boxes 27. frangenient equahzes the strain upon the dies 35;

,inner faces of said bearing boxes are curved, as designated by 31, to,conforni to the curved This arcranks of the crank shaft, and also equalizes the wear thereupon and upon each other.

Located in the upper end of the tubular casing 2 is a tubular nut 32, and operating therethrough is the feed screw 33 of the motor, the upper end of which is pointed, as indicated by 34, and provided with a pair of oppositely arranged operating han- The lower end of this feed screw is provided with a depending circular lug 36.

Arranged for rotation in the bearing 15 is a tubular 'tool spindle 37, the upper end of which extends into the lower end of the tubular casing 2, and formed integral with the exterior of this spindle, slightly above the center thereof, are the gear teeth 38. Located immediately above this row of gear teeth is a collar 39, which engages ball bearings '40 located at the lower. end of the circular casing 2. Loosely mounted upon the spindle .37, and within the planets.

gearcasing 14 is a gear wheel 41', whic' meshes with'the teeth 23 on the loweren'd of the crank shaft 18. Seated inthis gear wheel, 41, and extending vertically therefrom, and arranged at equal distances apart, are plus 42, the upper ends of which are connected by a ring 43., which surrounds the" bearing'39. Arranged for rotation on each pin 42 is a pinion 44, which pinions mesh with the gear teeth 38, and the teeth of an internal gearv 45, which is fixed in 'the lower portion of the casing 4. The parts just described form the planetary gearing of the motor.

Formed integral with and projecting for wardly from the plate 1 on each side of the cylindrical casing 2, and between each pair" of cylinders 3 are the horizontally disposed cvlindrlcal valve housings 46, the outer ends of which are closed 'by plugs 47. Located between these valve housings 46, and immediately in front of the cylindrical casing 2, is

a forwardly projecting throttle valve casing 4 48, which is connectedwith each of the valve "housings 46 by the transversely arranged housing 49. Formedin the lower portion of this housing 49 is a transversely arranged exhaust port I cats with exhaust ports 51, which extend along the inside of the valve housings 46 adja- 50, the ends of which communicent the outer ends thereof. Formed in the I uppen'portion otthe housing 49 is a transversely arranged inlet port 52', the outer ends of which communicate with the openings in the valve housings 46. Rigidly fixed on the interior of each valve housing 46 is a cylindrical bushing 53, and formed through each which communicate with the ends of the exhaust ports 51. Formed through each bush ing 53 on the opposite side'from the exhaust ports 54 and 55 are the inlet ports 56 and 57, and each port 56 communicates with the port 58 leadinginto the,outer end of each one of the upper cylinders 3. 57 communicate with the forward ends of ports 59, which are forinedtin the housing immediately above each of the lower cylinders 3, and said ports 59 communicate attheir outer ends with inlet ports 60 which lead into the interior of the lower pair of cylinders 3 adjacent their outer ends. Formed in the tops of the bushings 53 between the inlet and outlet ports therein are ports 61, with which. the outer ends of the port 52 communicates. Arranged for reciprocation in each bushing 53 is a valve 62, and formed in tegral therewith are the stems 63, and formed on said stems are the disks or flanges 64, which operate in the outer ends of the bushings 53. Mounted on each of the eccentrics 21 is a bearing box 65, and adjustably (onnectedt hereto are the rods 66, the outer ends of which are pivotally connected to the inner ,of said bushings are exhaust ports 54 and 55 Y The opposite ports tiOnl) Formed in the under side of'this throttle valve is a recess 73,"which is normally. in

isters with the port 7 N I tom of this housing is an eXhaust portfwhich' registers with the exhaust port 50. Arranged a'j'throttle valve 70, in the upperportion of}whichisformed a horizontal passage-f7l, :and there port 72 for establishing communicafollows: is located. in the socket 37, and the motor is the operation. of the ends of I the valves 2 62. within the casing 48 is a bushing. 67, the'top thereof is an inlet port v 52; iEormed for rotation Within the-bushing 6'7 bein a I etween the passage 71 and the port 68.

communication with {the exhaust port .69. Detachably seated in the outer portion of the casing 48 is a tubular handle 7 4t, and arranged for rotation in the outer end thereof is a cylindrical plug I 75. Extending through this plug and rigidly fixed therein is a small tube 76, the inner end of which is screw seated in the forward end of the passage 71 in the throttle valve 70. The flexible tube, or other connection that leads the fluid pressure to the motor is attached to the outer end of the tube 76. Formed through the'plug 75, below the tube 76, is a series of exhaust openings 77.

The operation of my improved motor is 'as The tool, such as a drill, or reamer,

then lifted into position by engaging the handles formed by the tubes 9 and 74. The point 340i the feed screw 33 is *now engaged against a fixed frame, and by operating the handles 35 to rotate the feed screw, the mo-. tor is moved downwardly to correspond to drill orreamer. N ormally the throttle valve 70 stands in such a position. as that the port 72 does not register with the inlet port 6'8; therefore, no fluid pressure can enter the cylinders, and the motor is inoperative as long as the throttle valve occupies thisposition. To start. the motor, the operator manually engages the plug 75, and rotates the same so as to bring the port 72into a'position so that it registers with the inlet port 68, and the fluid vpressure through the tube 76 now passes through the ports 72 and 68 into the transverse port or passage 52. Assuming that the valves 62 are in the positions seen in Fig. 3, and that the crank shaft of the motor is rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3, the fluid pressure from the port 52 passes downwardly through the ports 61 in the bushings 53, between the flanges 64 of the valves 62. The valves 62 slide'backwardly and forwardly in the bushings 46 by means of the connecting rods 66 and boxes 65'which are mounted on the'eccentrics 21, and one of said eccentrics is mounted slightly in advance of the other, and both of said eccentrics are slightlyoff center relative to the center of the crank shaft 18. Therefore, said valves donot open and close the-corre- *struction 3,, "1s being sponding of the port from thence rior of the ings 77.

through the pressure disr on this side high rate of ferential shaft mesh freely upon s I air hem: the i' thevalves and ts .coirespondingp gin e "cyl nders wlli' he described.

The upper one ofgthe valves 62,seen in Fig.

which opens si'inul pressure exhausts through ports Se -and into the transverse recess 73, in the throttle valve, to

and from thence outwardly through the exhaust open and it moves forwardly through the Mil pressure from the upper cylinder through ports and 'harges into the eratesfreel y in the and the hearing casing H. be adjusted vertic'all wear on-the longitudinal movement that the crank shaft The gear teeth on th with and wheel il which large travel around and thus with the i 'd the teeth inle-tj and exhaust -.:ports .simul'.

' valvesgare alikesln conirht'tle valve threu'gl of of enmoved outwardly thrcugn. the

Valve housing, and the inlet/port leadin to the end of the upper cyl'in ginning to ope-npanthes the forward one of the'flanges 64t-continues to move outwardly, this port,"will he' correspondingly opened, and the fluid pressure between will pass through ports 56 and 58 into the end of the upper cylinder pressure is delivered to force the piston therein forwardly, and this motion is transmitted b der,3 is just be the'ilanges s4 Thus the fluid the upper cylinder to during this action, mor

crank shaft, and, there pressure in front of said piston 56, and

outwardly through t-l tubular handle 74g motion of the valve is reversed ve travel of the fluid pressure ports is reversed, and the fluid 3 exhausts 56; from thence ports 55, 51, and '50; and from thence through the throttle. valve and tuhular handle During this action, the fluid lower cviinder 3 of the motor, through ports 57,

59, and 60 to the outer end of said lower ryl inder in front of the piston therein. the crank shaft is con Thus, tinuously rotated at a speed, and said crank shaft ophall bearings 12 and 37, 16 iii-the bottom of the dif- The cap ltinay y so as to take up any the sp the minor .ern at ts operation, the passage of the ymean's of the correpiston rod 26 tothe crank shaft 18. 1e piston 25 of the lower cylinder 3 on this side of the motor is, v ing outwardly, owing to the arrangement of the cranks on the fore, the fluid will be exhausting through the ports 60 and, 59, and from thence through the port 57 taneous with the opening port or passage fihjand' into register. with the port 69,;and the recess 73 into register with the port Thus, the

direction of the flow ofthe iluid pressure through the valves and ports is reversed, and the direction of rotation of the crank shaft is reversed.

In small.machines, where it is desired to operate at a high rate of speed, the planetary gearing may be dispensed with, and the spindle '37 may be rotated by rigidly fixing a gear wheel thereon which nieslres direct with the gear teeth 23 on the crank shaft.

' A motor of my improved construction is very light, strong, and durable, can be readiiy shifted and quickly removed and assembled when the motor is being set up or taken apart, and

the operating parts of the motor can be at all times readily inspected, or repaired.

1. Ina pneumatic motor of the class c escribed, amain casing, .power cylinders for'med integral therewith and arranged in pairs, onepair at right angles to the other, a

crank chamber casing detachably secured to the' main casing, pistons operating in the power. cylinders, a crank shaft arranged for operation within and to which the an adjustable ball bearing removably in the opposite end of the opposite end of the crank shaft.

2. In a pneumatic motor of the class described, a main casing, power cylinders formed integral therewith and arranged in pairs, one pair at right angles to the other,

cylindrical valve housings formed integral between each pair of valves arranged .for oper ation in said valve cylinders for controlling with the main casing power cylinders,

the delivery and exhaust of fluid pressure to and from the power cylinders, chamber casing. detachably secured to the main casing, pistons cylinders, a. crank shaft ation within the crank chamber casing and towhich the pistons ball bearing at one end of the main casing in which the crank shaft operates, and an adjustable ball bearing removably seated in the opposite end of the main casing for the opposite end of the crank shaft.

3. In a pneumatic motor of the class de scribed, a main casing, power cylinders from one position to another, and the various parts of the casing can be easilv the crank chamber casing pistons are connected, a fixed ball bearing at oneend [of the main casing in which the crank shaft operates, and seated main casing for the a crank operating in the power arranged for operare connected, a fixed -formed integral therewith andarranged in pairs, one pair at right angles to the other, cylindrical valve housings formed integral with the main casing between each pair of power cylinders, valves arranged for operation in said valve cylinders for controlling the delivery and exhaustof fluid pressure to and from the power cylinders, a throttle valve arranged for operation between the cylindrical valve housings for-controlling the supply and exhaust of lluid pressure to and from said valve housings, a crank chamber casing detachably secured tothe main casing, pistons operating in. the power cylinders, a crank shaft arranged for operation. within the crank chamber casing andto which the pisone end of the main casing in which the bearing rernovably seated in the opposite end of the main casing for the opposite end of the crank shaft.

4. In a pneumatic motor of the class described, a main casing, power cylinders formed integral therewith, a, cylindrical feed screw casing integral with the main casing, valve casings integral with the main casing between the cylinders, a crank chamber casing detachably secured to the main casing, a crank case cap detachably secured to the main casing, and the crank chamber casing, and a planetary gear casing arranged at the lower end of the main casing.

5. In a pneumatic motor of the class described, a main casing, power cylinders formed integral therewith, a cylindrical feed screw casing integral with the main casing, valve casings integral with the main casing between the cylinders, a crank chamber casing detachably secured .to the main casing, a crank case cap detachably secured to the main casing, and the crank chamber casing, a planetary gear casing arranged at the lower end of the main casing, a handle projecting outwardly from the main casing, and a hairdle projecting outwardly. from the crank chamber casing.

6. Ina pneumatic motor of the class described, a main casing, power cylinders formed integral therewith and arranged in pairs, one pair at right angles to the other, a crank chamber casing detachably secured to the main casing, pistons operating in the power cylinders, a crank shaft arranged for operation in the crank chamber casing and to which the pistons are connected, a tubular feed screw casing integral with the maincasing, a feed screw operating therein, a'tool spindle arranged for rotation in the lower portion of the main casing beneath the-feed screw casing, a driving connection between the crank shaft and the tool spindle, a pair of handles 'arrangedon opposite sides of the main casing, and a throttle valve arranged at the inner end of one of the handles for contons are connected, a fixed ball bearing at crank shaft operates, and an adjustable ball trolling the supply of fluid pressure to the housings arranged on opposite sides of the' power cylinders. v feed screw casing and between the pairs of 7.,In a pneumatic motor of the class depower cylinders for controlling the supply 20 scribed, a main casing, power cylinders and exhaust of fluid pressure to sald power ing, a feed screw operating therein, a tool formed integral therewith and arranged in cylinders,v a pair of handles arran ed on oppairs, one pair at right angles to the other, a posite sides of the main casing,'and a throttle crank chamber casing detachably secured to valve arranged at the inner end of one of the the main casing, pistons operating in the handles for controllin the supply of fluid 25 power cylinders, a crank shaft arranged for I pressure to the control ing valves; operation in the crank chamber casing and to In testimony whereof, I have signed iny which the pistons are connected, a tubular name to, this specification, in presence of two feed screw casing integral with the main cassubscribing Witnesses.

spindle-arranged forv rotation in the lower WILLIAM ROTHE' portion of the main casing beneath the feed Witnesses:

screw casing, a driving connection between MARTIN P. SMITH, the crankshaft and the tool spindle, valve E..M..HARRINeToN. 

